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Wave energy converter experiment Ghent University Coastal & Ocean Basin Ostend

CASESTUDY

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CASESTUDY

Ghent University researchers used OAV Air Bushings to allow frictionless linear guidance in a five-unit wave energy converter array, improving control, repeatability, and experimental accuracy.

CUSTOMER

Ghent University 

INDUSTRY

Renewable Energy 

APPLICATION

Wave Energy Testing

PRODUCT USED

Air Bushings

BENEFIT

Frictionless Linear Motion

CASESTUDY

Wave energy is a renewable form of energy which is largely untapped. Wave energy converters (WECs) are devices made to harness this energy source and convert it to electricity. In the last few decades, a considerable amount of effort has been made by industries and academia to bring WECs to a commercial stage. There was a need for available real-life data to validate numerical models in the wave energy sector, but publicly available databases from WEC array experiments were limited because of high costs and complexities related to conducting these experiments.

 

The ‘WECfarm’ project, initiated by Ghent University, aimed to improve the understanding of interactions between the individual WECs within an array, and address the need for experimental data on WEC array tests. A team from the Coastal Engineering Research Group of Ghent University, Belgium performed experiments focused on the extraction of wave energy using an array of five point absorber WECs. Similar to offshore wind turbines, multiple point absorber WECs were installed in an array configuration to increase the total capacity and to benefit from the economies of scale. Whereas wind turbines always interact destructively due to wake effects, WECs can interact constructively since hydrodynamic interactions between the WECs occur through radiation and diffraction of waves, changing the direction of the incoming wave energy. 

CASESTUDY

The WECfarm system uses point-absorber wave energy converters (WECs), each consisting of a floating buoy that captures energy from incoming waves. To accurately evaluate the performance of the five-WEC array, the researchers required a linear guiding system capable of supporting dynamic wave-induced loads without introducing unwanted mechanical friction into the experiment.

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OAV Air Bushings were integrated into each WEC to provide frictionless linear guidance in the heave direction. Wave excitation could generate moments on the guiding system, so the researchers used a configuration of three 40 mm OAV Air Bushings per WEC to distribute these forces while maintaining a consistent air film between the bushings and guide shafts. Each 40 mm air bushing was rated to support a maximum radial load of 720 N at a nominal pressure of 5.5 bar.

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Clean, dry compressed air supplied through a two-stage filtration system maintained the air gap required for non-contact motion. The air bushings operated along 40.00 mm +0.00/-0.02 mm guide shafts, allowing the WECs to move vertically with minimal mechanical resistance while reducing the variability associated with conventional contacting bearing systems.

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The five-WEC array was installed and tested at the Coastal & Ocean Basin Ostend in Belgium, where researchers evaluated array configurations and control strategies under controlled wave conditions. By minimizing friction in the linear guidance system, the OAV Air Bushings helped isolate the hydrodynamic and control behavior being studied, supporting more accurate system identification, responsive control, and repeatable experimental measurements.

Diagram of a schematic of the data acquisition and control flow with OAV Air Bushings and Ghent University Experiment

Figure 1. Rendering of the ‘WECfarm’ WEC used within the experimental campaign. The OAV Air Bushings are placed within the mounting blocks for axial frictionless motion along the guide shafts in the heave direction.

Coastal & Ocean Basin Ostend Wave energy converter experiment Ghent University

Figure 2. Five-WEC array installed in the Coastal & Ocean Basin Ostend for controlled wave-energy testing.

Experimental setup of the five-WEC array at the Coastal & Ocean Basin Ostend, Belgium. The WECs are attached to a truss structure placed centrally in the wave basin.

Figure 3. Close-up of the five-WEC experimental array and linear guidance systems used during wave-basin testing.

CASESTUDY

The OAV Air Bushings are pivotal components in the design of the ‘WECfarm’ WEC, as the experiments target high quality data with low uncertainties. The air bushings excluded the variability in mechanical losses and energy dissipation associated with traditional bearing systems, as for example ball or plain bearings. Additionally, the use of air bushings enhanced the controllability and responsiveness of the WEC system, allowing for more precise and efficient power capture from the waves. The team opted for OAV air bushings due to superior pricing, quality, and technical support during the project.

Eliminated friction-related variability in the linear guiding system

Improved WEC controllability and dynamic response

Enabled more precise, repeatable experimental measurements

Supported efficient power-capture testing across a five-WEC array

By minimizing mechanical friction and energy losses in the guiding system, OAV Air Bushings helped the research team achieve more controlled and repeatable WEC array testing while improving the quality of experimental data used to evaluate wave-energy performance.

CASESTUDY

Uitzonderlijke prestaties worden gesmeed vanuit de zeer fundamentele wortels van een doel. Voortdurende verbetering van die wortels zal de weg vrijmaken voor enorme prestaties en vorderingen. Bij OAV Air Bearings benadrukken we dat een sterke basis de essentie is van groei. De wrijvingsloze en nauwkeurige mogelijkheden van OAV Air Bearings zorgen voor de groei van ongelooflijk unieke en monumentale inspanningen. Hemelse activiteiten zijn zo'n voorbeeld.

 

Satellietcommunicatie en aardobservatie hebben op tal van manieren invloed op het leven. Van communicatie tot onderzoek en data, satellieten zijn een cruciaal onderdeel van wat we vandaag weten en gebruiken. Door het gebruik van cubesats is Open Cosmos gespecialiseerd in kritische satellietcommunicatie en -observatie. Cubesats zijn miniatuursatellieten, gebaseerd op een grootteconfiguratie tussen 10 cm en 30 cm, in de vorm van een vierkant die door de inzet in een baan om de aarde worden gelanceerd. Deze nanosatellieten zijn verantwoordelijk voor het verzamelen van een breed scala aan gegevens, van wereldwijde rampen tot wetenschappelijke onderzoeken, tot energie en hulpbronnen, tot communicatie en logistiek. 

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Het montage- en testteam van Open Cosmos produceert en test deze apparaten om aan hun doelstellingen te voldoen. Door het gebruik van de nieuwe OAV Roller Air Bearing is het team in staat om met succes satellieten in een baan om de aarde te simuleren en het standcontrolesysteem te testen. Het luchtlager wordt op een standaard geplaatst en het ruimtevaartuig op het luchtlager. Door wrijvingsloze beweging rond één as te bieden, stelt het luchtlager het team in staat om het houdingscontrolesysteem de ene as na de andere te testen. Vanuit de aarde is Open Cosmos in staat om met de OAV Air Bearing een vrijwel wrijvingsloze en microzwaartekrachtomgeving te creëren voor hemelonderzoek. 

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Voorafgaand aan het gebruik van OAV Air Bearing-producten verzamelde het team deze gegevens door middel van simulatieberekeningen en analyses. Een primaire uitdaging in deze periode was de onzekerheid over hoe nauwkeurig de simulaties en berekeningen werkelijk waren. Door het gebruik van het luchtlager kan het team dergelijke scenario's nu fysiek simuleren om hun berekeningen te bevestigen voor het genereren van volledige nauwkeurigheid.

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 Afbeelding* Open Cosmos SatCubes Space Infrastructure

 

Dit materiaal is gebaseerd op werk ondersteund door Open Cosmos LTD. www.open-cosmos.com

CASESTUDY

Discover how OAV Air Bearings enable precise motion across a wide range of industries and applications.

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